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  1. /*
  2.  
  3. *********************************************************************************
  4. * J.M. Evers 3/2012                                                             *
  5. * This is all amateur scriblings... So no copyrights.                           *
  6. * This source code file, and compiled objects derived from it,                  *
  7. * can be used and distributed without restriction, including for commercial use *
  8. * No warrenty whatsoever                                                        *
  9. *********************************************************************************
  10. 20/6/2012
  11. Corrected significance flaw when using prefixes
  12. Simplified routines
  13. Added type = 5 : prefix-notation with words (nano,mega,giga...etc)
  14.  
  15. 12/11/2012
  16. Added support for numbers like  12345*10^12
  17. 12345*10^12 --> 12345E12 ---> 1.2345*10^16
  18.  
  19. 18/10/2012 :
  20. Added Mathml output
  21. Added option significance=-1
  22. To be used when there is no significance known ; just tries to print the number in science notation
  23. Using the original amount of digits used in "number" argument
  24. !exec scienceprint 123.445000e+23,-1 --> 1.23445000*10^25
  25.  
  26. 27/9/2013
  27. Correct rounding in stead of truncation...
  28. 28/9/2013
  29. minor issue:
  30. small correction in roundoff routine when significance > 6 .... pow(10,7) may give problems when stored in (int) integer
  31.  
  32. *********************************************************************************
  33.  
  34. WIMS usage:
  35. sci_num = !exec scienceprint number,significance,type
  36.  
  37. number: a number
  38. significance : desired precision
  39. type (optional args): calc = 0 / html = 1 / latex = 2  / prefix = 3  / mathml = 4
  40.  
  41. default  : calc   notation : 120000,3   -> 1.20*10^5
  42. type = 0 : calc   notation : 120000,3,0 -> 1.20*10^5
  43. type = 1 : html notation   : 120000,3,1 -> 1.20&times;10<sup>5</sup>
  44. type = 2 : latex notation  : 120000,3,2 -> 1.20 \times 10^{5}
  45. type = 3 : prefix-notation : 120000,3,3 -> 120.0 k
  46. type = 3 : if -24 > prefix > 24         -> type = 1 (html)
  47. type = 4 : mathml notation
  48.  
  49. multiple conversion: use space between arguments
  50. scienceprint 120000,4 122900,5 120036,6,3 --> 120.0*10^3,122.90*10^3,120.036 k
  51.  
  52. 24  yotta       Y
  53. 21  zetta       Z
  54. 18  exa         E
  55. 15  peta        P
  56. 12  tera        T
  57. 9   giga        G
  58. 6   mega        M
  59. 3   kilo        k
  60.  
  61. 2   hecto       h
  62. 1   deca        da
  63. -1  deci        d
  64. -2  centi       c
  65.  
  66. -3  milli       m
  67. -6  micro       µ
  68. -9  nano        n
  69. -12 pico        p
  70. -15 femto       f
  71. -18 atto        a
  72. -21 zepto       z
  73. -24 yocto       y
  74.  
  75. */
  76.  
  77. #include <stdio.h>
  78. #include <math.h>
  79. #include <string.h>
  80. #include <stdlib.h>
  81. #define MICRO "µ"
  82. #define MAX_CONV 256
  83. #define MAX_STRING 32
  84. #define PREFIX_START -24
  85. #define PREFIX_END 24
  86.  
  87. char *str_replace ( const char *word, const char *sub_word, const  char *rep_word ){
  88.     if(strlen(word) > MAX_STRING){return NULL;}
  89.     char *part_word = NULL;
  90.     char *new_word = NULL;
  91.     char *old_word = NULL;
  92.     char *head = NULL;
  93.     /* if either sub_word or rep_word is NULL, duplicate word a let caller handle it */
  94.     if ( sub_word == NULL || rep_word == NULL ) return strdup(word);
  95.     new_word = strdup (word);
  96.     head = new_word;
  97.     while ( (part_word = strstr ( head, sub_word ))){
  98.         old_word = new_word;
  99.         new_word = malloc ( strlen ( old_word ) - strlen ( sub_word ) + strlen ( rep_word ) + 1 );
  100.         /*failed to alloc mem, free old word and return NULL */
  101.         if ( new_word == NULL ){
  102.           free (old_word);return NULL;
  103.         }
  104.         memcpy ( new_word, old_word, part_word - old_word );
  105.         memcpy ( new_word + (part_word - old_word), rep_word, strlen ( rep_word ) );
  106.         memcpy ( new_word + (part_word - old_word) + strlen( rep_word ), part_word + strlen ( sub_word ), strlen ( old_word ) - strlen ( sub_word ) - ( part_word - old_word ) );
  107.         memset ( new_word + strlen ( old_word ) - strlen ( sub_word ) + strlen ( rep_word ) , 0, 1 );
  108.         /* move back head right after the last replacement */
  109.         head = new_word + (part_word - old_word) + strlen( rep_word );
  110.         free (old_word);
  111.     }
  112.     return new_word;
  113. }
  114.  
  115. char *printscience(double value, int sig, int format , int cnt ,int size){
  116.     static char *min[] = {"","m",MICRO,"n","p","f","a","z","y"};
  117.     static char *plus[] = {"","k", "M", "G", "T", "P", "E", "Z", "Y" };
  118.     static char *min_word[] = {"","milli","micro","nano","pico","femto","atto","zepto","yocto"};
  119.     static char *plus_word[] = {"","kilo", "mega", "giga", "tera", "peta", "exa", "zetta", "yotta" };
  120.     char *sign = NULL;char *prefix = NULL;double pm;int factor;
  121.     int exponent10 = 0;
  122.     int use_word = 0;if(format == 5){format = 3; use_word = 1;} /* switch to using words in stead of prefix  */
  123.     if(value < 0.0) {pm = -0.5; sign = "-";value = -value;} else {sign = ""; pm = 0.5;}    
  124.     if( sig == -1 ){
  125.      /*
  126.      no significance truncations...just science notation 1234 -> 1.234*10^3
  127.      try (!) to use same amount of digits
  128.      */
  129.         sig = size;
  130.         if(format == 3){format = 1;} /* never prefix --> html notation */
  131.     }
  132.     if(value == 0){fprintf(stdout, "%s%.*f", sign, sig-1, value);return NULL;} /* no need to go further */
  133.     if(value>1){
  134.         while(value >= 10){
  135.             value=value / 10.0;
  136.             exponent10++;
  137.             /* need to set a limit to number of while loops ! */
  138.             if(exponent10 > 100){fprintf(stdout,"error : number too big (exponent > 100)\n");return 0;}
  139.         }
  140.     }
  141.     else /* 0 < value < 1 --> exponent10 < 0 */
  142.     {
  143.         while(value < 1){
  144.             value=value*10;
  145.             exponent10--;
  146.             /* need to set a limit to number of while loops ! */
  147.             if(exponent10 <-100){fprintf(stdout,"error : number too small (exponent < -100)\n");return 0;}
  148.         }
  149.     }
  150.     /* 27/9/2013 avoid truncating and do rounding...but not with 7 significant digits*/
  151.     if(sig > 6){factor = 100000;}else{factor = pow(10,sig+1);}
  152.     value = (round(factor*value + (pm) ))/factor; /* pm = +/- 0.5 */
  153.     if(format == 3 && ((exponent10 < PREFIX_START) || (exponent10 > PREFIX_END))){
  154.         format = 1; /* not in my list of prefixes ; print in html ! */
  155.     }
  156.     sig = sig - 1; /* "%.*f" counts the "." */
  157.     if(cnt > 1){fprintf(stdout,",");}/* more than one conversion to do : make list */
  158.     int idx=0;int exp=0;
  159.     if(exponent10 == 0){format = 6;} /* no need for 2*10^0 */
  160.     if(sig < 0){sig = 0;} /* better be safe than sorry... */
  161.     switch(format){
  162.         case 0: fprintf(stdout, "%s%.*f*10^%d", sign, sig, value, exponent10);break;
  163.         case 1: fprintf(stdout, "%s%.*f&times;10<sup>%d</sup>", sign, sig, value, exponent10);break;
  164.         case 2: fprintf(stdout, "%s%.*f \\times 10^{%d}", sign, sig, value, exponent10);break;
  165.         case 3:
  166. /*
  167. 1,1,3 -> 1
  168. 10,1,3 -> 1*10^-2 k
  169. 100,1,3 -> 1*10^-1 k
  170. 1000,1,3 -> 1 k
  171. 10000,1,3 -> 1*10^1 k
  172. 100000,1,3 -> 1*10^2 k
  173. 1000000,1,3 -> 1 M
  174. 10000000,1,3 -> 1*10^1 M
  175. 100000000,1,3 -> 1*10^2 M
  176. 1000000000,1,3 -> 1 G
  177. 1,1,3 -> 1
  178. 0.1,1,3 -> 1*10^-1
  179. 0.01,1,3 -> 1*10^-2
  180. 0.001,1,3 -> 1 m
  181. 0.0001,1,3 -> 1*10^-1 m
  182. 0.00001,1,3 -> 1*10^-2 m
  183. 0.000001,1,3 -> 1 µ
  184. 0.0000001,1,3-> 1*10^-1 µ
  185. 0.00000001,1,3-> 1*10^-2 µ
  186. 0.000000001,1,3-> 1 n
  187. */
  188.         exp = exponent10%3;
  189.         idx = round(exponent10/3);
  190.         if( exponent10 > 0  ){
  191.             if(use_word == 0 ){ prefix = plus[idx]; } else { prefix = plus_word[idx]; }
  192.         }
  193.         else
  194.         {
  195.             if(use_word == 0){ prefix = min[-1*idx]; } else { prefix = min_word[-1*idx]; }
  196.         }
  197.         if( exp == 0){
  198.             fprintf(stdout, "%s%.*f %s",sign, sig, value,prefix);
  199.         }
  200.         else
  201.         {
  202.             fprintf(stdout, "%s%.*f&times;10<sup>%d</sup> %s", sign, sig, value, exp, prefix);
  203.         }
  204.         break;
  205.         case 4: fprintf(stdout, "<math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><mstyle id=\"wims_mathml\" mathsize=\"110%%\"><mn>%s%.*f</mn><mo>&times;</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>%d</mn></msup></mstyle></math>", sign, sig, value, exponent10);break;
  206.         case 5: break;
  207.         case 6: fprintf(stdout, "%s%.*f",sign,sig,value);break;
  208.         default: break;
  209.     }
  210.     return NULL;
  211. }
  212.  
  213. int main( int argc , char *argv[]){
  214.  
  215.     if( argc < 2){
  216.         fprintf(stdout,"syntax error : number1,significance1,type1 number2,significance2,type2 ... number_n,significance_n,type_n \n");
  217.         return 0;
  218.     }
  219.  
  220.     double number = 0;
  221.     int significance = 0,type = 0,idx = 0,cnt = 1,size = 0;
  222.     char *input = "\0",*ptr = "\0";
  223.  
  224.     /* test for illegal characters */
  225.     const char *invalid_characters = "\n\"\'!=ABCDFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdfghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz@#$%&()[]{};:~><?/\\|";
  226.     /* Ee +- are allowed : 12.34e+05  12.34e-08 */
  227.  
  228.     /* walk through argument 1 to end, and call function scienceprint(a,b,c) */
  229.     input = argv[cnt];
  230.     while( input != NULL ){
  231.         if(cnt > MAX_CONV){fprintf(stdout,"\nerror: number of conversions exceeds limit of %d\n",MAX_CONV);return 0;}
  232.         while (*input){ /* loop through invalid chars. */
  233.             if ( strchr(invalid_characters, *input) ){
  234.                 fprintf(stdout,"\nerror : illegal character \"%s\" \n",input);
  235.                 return 0;
  236.             }
  237.             input++;
  238.         }
  239.         /* reset input to actual value */
  240.         input = argv[cnt];
  241.         ptr = (char *) strtok(input,",");
  242.         idx = 0;
  243.         type = 0;
  244.         size = 0;
  245.         while( ptr != NULL ){
  246.             switch( idx ){
  247.                 case 0:
  248.                         /* size only interesting when 'significance=-1'
  249.                          determine number of digits : 1.23445e+23 -> size = 6
  250.                         */
  251.                         size = strlen(ptr);
  252.                         if( strstr(ptr,".") != NULL){size = size - 1 ;}
  253.                         if( strstr(ptr,"*10^") != NULL){
  254.                             ptr = str_replace(ptr,"*10^","E");
  255.                             if(ptr == NULL){
  256.                                 fprintf(stdout,"error : in replacement of 10^ notation\n");
  257.                                 return 0;
  258.                             }
  259.                             size = size - 3;
  260.                         }
  261.                         if( strstr(ptr,"E") != NULL){size = size - strlen(strstr(ptr,"E"));}
  262.                         if( strstr(ptr,"e") != NULL){size = size - strlen(strstr(ptr,"e"));}
  263.                         number = atof(ptr);
  264.                         break;
  265.                 case 1: significance = atoi(ptr);  break;
  266.                 case 2: type = atoi(ptr); if(type < 0 || type > 5 ){type = 0;} break;
  267.                 default: break;
  268.             }
  269.             idx++;
  270.             ptr = (char *) strtok(NULL,",");
  271.         }
  272.         /* number and precision are mandatory:  default type=0  */
  273.         if( idx < 2 || idx > 3){fprintf(stdout,"\nsyntax error : number1,significance1,type1 number2,significance2,type2 ... number_n,significance_n,type_n \n");return 0;}
  274.         /* call conversion routine */
  275.         printscience(number, significance, type , cnt , size);
  276.         cnt++;
  277.         input = argv[cnt];
  278.     }
  279.     fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  280.     return 0;
  281. }
  282.  
  283.  
  284.  
  285.